OpenAdapt: AI-First Process Automation with Large Multimodal Models (LMMs)

OpenAdapt is the open source software adapter between Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) and traditional desktop and web GUIs.

Record GUI demonstrations, train ML models, and evaluate agents - all from a unified CLI.

Join us on Discord | Documentation | OpenAdapt.ai

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Architecture

OpenAdapt v1.0+ uses a modular meta-package architecture. The main openadapt package provides a unified CLI and depends on focused sub-packages via PyPI:

Package	Description	Repository
openadapt	Meta-package with unified CLI	This repo
openadapt-capture	Event recording and storage	openadapt-capture
openadapt-ml	ML engine, training, inference	openadapt-ml
openadapt-evals	Benchmark evaluation	openadapt-evals
openadapt-viewer	HTML visualization	openadapt-viewer
openadapt-grounding	UI element localization	openadapt-grounding
openadapt-retrieval	Multimodal demo retrieval	openadapt-retrieval
openadapt-privacy	PII/PHI scrubbing	openadapt-privacy
openadapt-wright	Dev automation	openadapt-wright
openadapt-herald	Social media from git history	openadapt-herald
openadapt-crier	Telegram approval bot	openadapt-crier
openadapt-consilium	Multi-model consensus	openadapt-consilium
openadapt-desktop	Desktop GUI application	openadapt-desktop
openadapt-tray	System tray app	openadapt-tray
openadapt-agent	Production execution engine	openadapt-agent
openadapt-telemetry	Error tracking	openadapt-telemetry

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Installation

Install what you need:

pip install openadapt              # Minimal CLI only
pip install openadapt[capture]     # GUI capture/recording
pip install openadapt[ml]          # ML training and inference
pip install openadapt[evals]       # Benchmark evaluation
pip install openadapt[privacy]     # PII/PHI scrubbing
pip install openadapt[all]         # Everything

Requirements: Python 3.10+

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Quick Start

1. Record a demonstration

openadapt capture start --name my-task
# Perform actions in your GUI, then press Ctrl+C to stop

2. Train a model

openadapt train start --capture my-task --model qwen3vl-2b

3. Evaluate

openadapt eval run --checkpoint training_output/model.pt --benchmark waa

4. View recordings

openadapt capture view my-task

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Ecosystem

Core Platform Components

Package	Description	Repository
openadapt	Meta-package with unified CLI	This repo
openadapt-capture	Event recording and storage	openadapt-capture
openadapt-ml	ML engine, training, inference	openadapt-ml
openadapt-evals	Benchmark evaluation	openadapt-evals
openadapt-viewer	HTML visualization	openadapt-viewer
openadapt-grounding	UI element localization	openadapt-grounding
openadapt-retrieval	Multimodal demo retrieval	openadapt-retrieval
openadapt-privacy	PII/PHI scrubbing	openadapt-privacy

Applications and Tools

Package	Description	Repository
openadapt-desktop	Desktop GUI application	openadapt-desktop
openadapt-tray	System tray app	openadapt-tray
openadapt-agent	Production execution engine	openadapt-agent
openadapt-wright	Dev automation	openadapt-wright
openadapt-herald	Social media from git history	openadapt-herald
openadapt-crier	Telegram approval bot	openadapt-crier
openadapt-consilium	Multi-model consensus	openadapt-consilium
openadapt-telemetry	Error tracking	openadapt-telemetry

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CLI Reference

openadapt capture start --name <name>    Start recording
openadapt capture stop                    Stop recording
openadapt capture list                    List captures
openadapt capture view <name>             Open capture viewer

openadapt train start --capture <name>    Train model on capture
openadapt train status                    Check training progress
openadapt train stop                      Stop training

openadapt eval run --checkpoint <path>    Evaluate trained model
openadapt eval run --agent api-claude     Evaluate API agent
openadapt eval mock --tasks 10            Run mock evaluation

openadapt serve --port 8080               Start dashboard server
openadapt version                         Show installed versions
openadapt doctor                          Check system requirements

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How It Works

See the full Architecture Evolution for detailed documentation.

Three-Phase Pipeline

OpenAdapt follows a streamlined Demonstrate → Learn → Execute pipeline:

1. DEMONSTRATE (Observation Collection)

• Capture: Record user actions and screenshots with openadapt-capture
• Privacy: Scrub PII/PHI from recordings with openadapt-privacy
• Store: Build a searchable demonstration library

2. LEARN (Policy Acquisition)

• Retrieval Path: Embed demonstrations, index them, and enable semantic search
• Training Path: Load demonstrations and fine-tune Vision-Language Models (VLMs)
• Abstraction: Progress from literal replay to template-based automation

3. EXECUTE (Agent Deployment)

• Observe: Take screenshots and gather accessibility information
• Policy: Use demonstration context to decide actions via VLMs (Claude, GPT-4o, Qwen3-VL)
• Ground: Map intentions to specific UI coordinates with openadapt-grounding
• Act: Execute validated actions with safety gates
• Evaluate: Measure success with openadapt-evals and feed results back for improvement

Core Approach: Trajectory-Conditioned Disambiguation

Zero-shot VLMs fail on GUI tasks not due to lack of capability, but due to ambiguity in UI affordances. OpenAdapt resolves this by conditioning agents on human demonstrations — "show, don't tell."

	No Retrieval	With Retrieval
No Fine-tuning	46.7% (zero-shot baseline)	100% first-action (n=45, shared entry point)
Fine-tuning	Standard SFT (baseline)	Demo-conditioned FT (planned)

The bottom-right cell is OpenAdapt's unique value: training models to use demonstrations they haven't seen before, combining retrieval with fine-tuning for maximum accuracy. Phase 2 (retrieval-only prompting) is validated; Phase 3 (demo-conditioned fine-tuning) is in progress.

Validated result: On a controlled macOS benchmark (45 System Settings tasks sharing a common navigation entry point), demo-conditioned prompting improved first-action accuracy from 46.7% to 100%. A length-matched control (+11.1 pp only) confirms the benefit is semantic, not token-length. See the research thesis for methodology and the publication roadmap for limitations.

Industry validation: OpenCUA (NeurIPS 2025 Spotlight, XLANG Lab) reused OpenAdapt's macOS accessibility capture code in their AgentNetTool, but uses demos only for model training — not runtime conditioning. No open-source CUA framework currently does demo-conditioned inference, which remains OpenAdapt's architectural differentiator.

Key Concepts

• Policy/Grounding Separation: The Policy decides what to do; Grounding determines where to do it
• Safety Gate: Runtime validation layer before action execution (confirm mode for high-risk actions)
• Abstraction Ladder: Progressive generalization from literal replay to goal-level automation
• Evaluation-Driven Feedback: Success traces become new training data

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Terminology

Term	Description
Observation	What the agent perceives (screenshot, accessibility tree)
Action	What the agent does (click, type, scroll, etc.)
Trajectory	Sequence of observation-action pairs
Demonstration	Human-provided example trajectory
Policy	Decision-making component that maps observations to actions
Grounding	Mapping intent to specific UI elements (coordinates)

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Demos

Legacy Version (v0.46.0) Examples:

• Twitter Demo - Early OpenAdapt demonstration
• Loom Video - Process automation walkthrough

Note: These demos show the legacy monolithic version. For current v1.0+ modular architecture examples, see the documentation.

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Permissions

macOS: Grant Accessibility, Screen Recording, and Input Monitoring permissions to your terminal. See permissions guide.

Windows: Run as Administrator if needed for input capture.

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Legacy Version

The monolithic OpenAdapt codebase (v0.46.0) is preserved in the legacy/ directory.

To use the legacy version:

pip install openadapt==0.46.0

See docs/LEGACY_FREEZE.md for migration guide and details.

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Contributing

1. Join Discord
2. Pick an issue from the relevant sub-package repository
3. Submit a PR

For sub-package development:

git clone http://github.com/OpenAdaptAI/openadapt-ml  # or other sub-package
cd openadapt-ml
pip install -e ".[dev]"

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Related Projects

• OpenAdaptAI/SoM - Set-of-Mark prompting
• OpenAdaptAI/pynput - Input monitoring fork
• OpenAdaptAI/atomacos - macOS accessibility

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Support

• Discord: https://discord.gg/yF527cQbDG
• Issues: Use the relevant sub-package repository
• Architecture docs: GitHub Wiki

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License

MIT License - see LICENSE for details.